Hematoxylin is a natural dye that is extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree, Haematoxylon campechianum. It is a dark blue-black powder that is soluble in water. Hematoxylin is used in histology and cytology to stain nuclei blue.
Hematoxylin is a basic dye, which means that it binds to acidic molecules. The nuclei of cells are acidic, so they bind to hematoxylin and appear blue. Hematoxylin is often used in conjunction with eosin, which is an acidic dye that stains cytoplasm pink. This combination of stains is known as the H&E stain, and it is the most commonly used stain in histology.
Hematoxylin is a relatively safe chemical, but it can be harmful if inhaled or swallowed. It can also cause skin irritation.
Here are some safety precautions to take when working with hematoxylin:
- Wear gloves and eye protection when working with hematoxylin.
- Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
- If contact with skin or eyes occurs, flush with water for at least 15 minutes.
- Do not ingest hematoxylin.
- Keep hematoxylin away from heat and flames.
- Store hematoxylin in a cool, dark place.
Here are some additional information about hematoxylin:
- Appearance: Dark blue-black powder
- Odor: Slight odor
- Melting point: 176°C
- Density: 1.3 g/cm³
- Flash point: Not flammable
- Vapor pressure: Not applicable
- Hazards: Harmful if inhaled or swallowed
- Uses: Staining nuclei in histology and cytology
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