Chloroform , 1liter

Chloroform, also known as trichloromethane, is an organic compound with the formula CHCl₃. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet smell and has been widely used in various applications, particularly in the past. Here’s a detailed overview of chloroform, including its properties, uses, and safety information.

Properties of Chloroform

• Chemical Formula: CHCl₃
• Molar Mass: 119.38 g/mol
• Appearance: Colorless liquid
• Odor: Sweet, ether-like
• Melting Point: -63.5°C (-82.3°F)
• Boiling Point: 61.2°C (142.2°F)
• Density: 1.489 g/cm³ at 20°C
• Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents

Applications and Uses

• Solvent: Used in the laboratory for dissolving compounds, particularly in organic chemistry.
• Refrigerants: Historically used as a refrigerant, although now largely replaced by safer alternatives.
• Anesthetic: Previously used as an anesthetic in medical procedures, but it is no longer used due to its toxicity and the development of safer anesthetics.
• Intermediate: Used in the production of other chemicals, such as fluorocarbon refrigerants and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

Safety and Handling

• Hazards: Chloroform is hazardous to health and the environment. It is classified as a carcinogen and can cause damage to the liver and kidneys. It can also be harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin.
• First Aid Measures:
  • Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.
  • Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing.
  • Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical advice.
  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen and seek medical attention.